Economy

Egypt is located in the northeast of Africa and divided by the fertile Nile valley, where the majority of the economic activities take place. The economy of Egypt was centralized during the regime of the former President Gamal Abdel Nasser but the economy was opened up notably under former Presidents Anwar El-Sadat and Mohamed Hosni Mubarak.

Egypt looks forward to a reform in the economic sector from 2004 to 2008 to attract the foreign investments. However, the poor living conditions and the high unemployment rate contribute to public discontent, which was a major factor that leads to the 2011 revolution, which ousted Mubarak.

Egypt Economic in Numbers – Based on 2016 Statistics

  • Purchasing Power Parity-GDP : $1.105 trillion
  • Egypt GDP Rank in comparison to the world: 23
  • The Egyptian official exchange rate: $342.8 billion
  • Real growth rate: 3.8%
  • Real growth rate comparison to the world: 65
  • GDP- per capita: $12,100
  • GDP – per capita comparison to the world: 125
  • Gross national saving: 8.7% of GDP
  • Gross national saving in comparison to the world: 157
  • Agriculture products: Cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats
  • Industries: Textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures
  • Industrial production growth rate: 0.6%
  • Industrial production growth rate in comparison to the world: 160
  • Labor force: 31.96 million
  • Labor force in comparison to the world: 20
  • Labor force occupation:
  • Agriculture: 29.2%
  • Industry: 23.5%
  • Services: 47.3%
  • Unemployment rate: 13.1%
  • Unemployment rate in comparison to the world: 145
  • Population below poverty line: 25.2%
  • Budget Revenues: $60.09 billion
  • Budget Expenditures: $92.37 billion
  • Taxes: 17.5% of GDP
  • Budget deficit: -9.4% of GDP
  • Budget deficit in comparison to the world: 199
  • Public debt: 92.6% of GDP
  • Public debt in comparison to the world: 18
  • Inflation rate: 12.1%
  • Inflation rate in comparison to the world: 209
  • Exports: $14.73 billion
  • Exports in comparison to the world: 73
  • Exports commodities: Crude oil and petroleum products, fruits and vegetables, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals, processed food
  • Exports partners: Saudi Arabia, Italy, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United States, United Kingdom and India
  • Imports: $50.07 billion
  • Imports in comparison to the world: 48
  • Imports commodities: Machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products and fuels
  • Imports partners: China, Germany, US, Turkey, Russia, Italy and Saudi Arabia